Ultra-polished zirconia

Zirconium as a material is considered to be one of the best for peri-implant soft tissues. However, it is evident that it must be treated in special manner – to be polished to a certain extent. So clear polishing protocol must be created, that this procedure would be under control. It is important not to make “Zr without Zr” restorations, when veneering porcelain covers zirconia in subgingival zone of the restoration and does not allow the direct contact between soft tissues and zirconium. In that way the biocompatibility effect might be reduced. Other materials, like polished or glazed lithium disilicate, titanium and feldspathic porcelain are discussed as well.